On April 22, 2025, five Islamist militants ambushed a group of tourists in the Baisaran Valley near Pahalgam, Anantnag district of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K, or Kashmir). The attackers executed 26 civilians, mostly Hindus, by shooting them in the head after allegedly asking them to recite the Kalima, the Islamic declaration of faith.a The Resistance Front (TRF), an offshoot of […]

Over the past 20 years, external states have sought to gain influence in Africa by assisting African countries in fighting terrorist groups.1 Beginning with the United States’ entrance into the Sahara and Sahel in the years after 9/11 to stem the tide of al-Qaida’s presence there, Washington would soon also become involved in trying to tamp down al-Shabaab’s presence in […]