In diplomatic history, the naming of a process matters because it transforms geography into political infrastructure. Geneva, Oslo and Doha became more than venues; they evolved into recognised architectures through which negotiations acquired continuity, legitimacy and memory. Islamabad’s attempt to attach its name to US–Iran engagement suggests a similar strategic calculation. Pakistan has attempted to institutionalise itself as a necessary […]

Iran exposed the fragility beneath American air dominance. Beijing is studying every loss. When the United States and Israel launched coordinated strikes against Iran on February 28, 2026, Washington anticipated swift, overwhelming dominance. The arithmetic seemed straightforward: the world’s most advanced air force against a sanctions-hobbled regional power. The result was a cataclysmic failure. A Congressional Research Service (CRS) report […]

That false narrative might still gain traction, however, due to misguided Russian soft power policies. Indian Ministry of External Affairs Secretary (East) Rudrendra Tandon said during Venezuelan President Delcy Rodriguez’s recent visit that there’s “perfect complementarity” in the energy sector between their countries. He’s right too since India is one of the world’s largest energy importers and Venezuela has the […]

Le conflit en cours au Moyen-Orient a un impact profond sur l’ordre mondial existant, en modifiant irréversiblement sa physionomie. Dans le domaine des relations internationales, une série d’événements clés ont déjà conduit à des changements tectoniques dans la structure de l’ordre mondial. Les deux guerres mondiales et la guerre froide au XXe siècle, ainsi que les attentats du 11 septembre […]

The geopolitical landscape of the Middle East in 2026 is defined by systemic fragmentation and compound crises. The overt diplomatic rupture between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), running concurrently with the US-Israeli military intervention in Iran, designated ‘Operation Epic Fury’, has dismantled historical alliances and disrupted global energy markets. For the Republic of India, […]

Le Protocole de paix, dont les États-Unis et l’Iran sont convenus sous la médiation pakistano-chinoise, ne porte ni sur la liberté de circulation dans le détroit d’Ormuz, ni sur le renoncement à la bombe atomique : ces deux problèmes n’existant pas. Il convient de la restitution des avoir iraniens gelés et des indemnités de guerre.Les États-Unis ne reconnaîtront pas leur […]

Beijing open to possibility, unclear what safeguards US would require. In the ongoing US-Iran ceasefire negotiations, Iran may consider transferring its 60% enriched uranium to China. The uranium currently lies beneath the rubble of bombed nuclear facilities, but it has the potential to be quickly weaponized. Multiple media have carried similar reports, and China has not denied them, while a […]

US Secretary of State Marco Rubio voiced hope of progress on ending the war with Iran, as he looked to Pakistani mediators to help advance efforts to strike an agreement. Previous comments by President Donald Trump had suggested weeks of stop-start negotiations to strike a permanent end to the war were teetering on the “borderline” between a deal and renewed […]

China is looking to engineer an off-ramp to end the current U.S.-Iran conflict without forcing Tehran to fold. On May 6, Iran’s Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi met in Beijing with China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi to discuss the ongoing conflict and deepen relations between Tehran and Beijing — two members of an emerging Axis of Aggressors. The meeting was held […]

Introduction In recent decades, the nature of regional conflicts has shifted from direct warfare to proxy conflicts, with states increasingly pursuing their strategic objectives through the use of non-state armed groups. The Islamic Republic of Iran is among the states with extensive experience in establishing and utilizing proxy networks. The Fatemiyoun Brigade, composed largely of Afghan fighters, forms part of […]